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Morfologia e histoquímica do tecido muscular esquelético de ratos após estiramento / Morphological and histochemical skeletal muscle tissue of rats after stretch
Malheiro, Olga Cristina de Mello; Castoldi, Robson Chacon; Anaruma, Carlos Alberto.
  • Malheiro, Olga Cristina de Mello; Universidade Estadual Paulista. São Paulo. BR
  • Castoldi, Robson Chacon; Universidade Estadual Paulista. São Paulo. BR
  • Anaruma, Carlos Alberto; Universidade Estadual Paulista. São Paulo. BR
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 21(4): 63-72, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733829
RESUMO
A lesão muscular constitui parte integrante do processo de adaptação a certos tipos de treinamento físico. Em atletas altamente treinados, a lesão muscular, representa uma resposta capaz de acelerar o turnover protéico. O presente trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar a morfologia, e as características metabólicas e contráteis dos tipos de fibras musculares. Foram utilizados 10 ratos Wistar com peso corporal médio de 350g com idade de 70 dias. Os animais foram submetidos a um estímulo elétrico (tetania) e a um estímulo mecânico (estiramento). Após 48h os animais foram eutanasidos mediante uma dose de pentobarbital sódico. Fragmentos da cabeça medial do músculo gastrocnêmio foram imersas em N-Hexana a -70º Cortes (8 µm) obtidos em um micrótomo criostato, (–20ºC), foram corados pela HE e outros submetidos as reações NADH-TR e m ATPase, (pH 4,6 e 10,4). O padrão fascicular mostrou-se desorganizado. Ao lado de várias fibras com diferentes estágios de fagocitose, observou-se um intenso infiltrado plasmolinfocitarios, com elevado numero de macrófagos, células miosatélites e células mesenquimatosas, e áreas com ausência de células musculares. A atividade oxidativa revelou-se levemente aumentada em todos os tipos de fibras normais e muito diminuída nas fibras em fase de fagocitose. Conforme revelado pela reação m-ATPase, após pré-incubação alcalina e ácida, lesões foram observadas nas fibras de contração lenta (Tipo I) e nas de contração rápida (Tipo II). Assim, decorridas 48h após o estímulo de tetania e estiramento mecânico, a lesão de fibras acompanhada de processo de fagocitose e o infiltrado de células miosatélites, macrófagos e células mesenquimatosas, foram os eventos mais evidentes. Em nível do tipo de fibras, as lesões comprometeram ambos os tipos.
ABSTRACT
Muscular injury constitutes an integral part of the adaptation process to certain types of physical training. In highly trained athletes, muscular injury, or so it seems, represents a response capable of speeding up the protein turnover. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the degree of morphologic alteration, as well as the metabolic and contractile characteristics of types of muscle fibers. Ten Wistar rats were used with an average corporal weight of 350g. The animals were submitted to both an electrical stimulation (tetany) and a mechanical stimulation (stretching). After 48h the animals were euthanized by means of a dose of pentobarbital, followed by the removal of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The muscular samples were first immersed in N-Hexan at -70°C, and then placed in a microtome cryostat at -20°C, where transversal cuts (8 µm) at the longest axle of staple fibers were obtained. Some cuts were submitted to HE and others to the reactions for NADH-TR and mATPase, (pH 4.6 and 10.4). In addition to some staple fibers in different stages of phagocytosis, an intense infiltration was observed, with a large number of macrophages, mesenchyma and myosatellite type cells, and areas with an absence of muscular cells. The oxidative activity was seen to be slightly augmented in all types of normal fibers but significantly decreased in fibers in the phagocytosis phase. As revealed by the m ATPase reaction after the acid and alkaline pre-incubation phase, lesions were observed in the two types of fibers, slow and fast contraction (Type I e II). Thus, 48 hours after the tetany/stretching, the lesion of fibers followed by the phagocytosis process and the infiltration of myosatellite cells, macrophages and mesenchymal cells were the most observed events. Regarding the types of fibers, the lesion seems to compromise both types.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Athletic Injuries / Rats, Wistar / Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Athletes / Animals Type of study: Evaluation studies Limits: Animals Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. bras. ciênc. mov Journal subject: Sports Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Estadual Paulista/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Athletic Injuries / Rats, Wistar / Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Athletes / Animals Type of study: Evaluation studies Limits: Animals Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. bras. ciênc. mov Journal subject: Sports Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Universidade Estadual Paulista/BR