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Historical seriss of patients with visceral leihmaniasis treated with megluminne antimoniate in a hospital for tropical diseases, Maceió-AL, Brazil / Série histórica dos pacientes com leishmaniose visceral tratados com antimoniato de meglumina em hospital de Doenças Tropicais, Maceió-AL, Brasil
Silveira, Lindon Johoson Diniz; Rocha, Thiago José Matos; Ribeiro, Sandra Aparecida; Pedrosa, Célia Maria Silva.
  • Silveira, Lindon Johoson Diniz; University Center Cesmac. Specialist in Health Sciences from the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas-UNCISAL. BR
  • Rocha, Thiago José Matos; University Center Cesmac. Specialist in Health Sciences from the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas-UNCISAL. BR
  • Ribeiro, Sandra Aparecida; University Center Cesmac. Specialist in Health Sciences from the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas-UNCISAL. BR
  • Pedrosa, Célia Maria Silva; University Center Cesmac. Specialist in Health Sciences from the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas-UNCISAL. BR
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 57(1): 33-38, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-736362
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic protozoan found in Brazil. It is characterized by fever, pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and progressive weakness in the patient. It may lead to death if untreated. The drug of choice for treatment is meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®). The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with visceral leishmaniasis according to criteria used for diagnosis, possible reactions to Glucantime® and blood pressure measured before and after treatment.

Methods:

89 patients admitted to the Teaching Hospital Dr. Hélvio Auto (HEHA) in Maceió-AL, in the period from May 2006 to December 2009 were evaluated. Data were collected on age, sex, origin, method of diagnosis, adverse effects of drugs, duration of hospitalization, duration of treatment and dosage up to the onset of adverse effects.

Results:

There was a predominance of child male patients, aged between one and five years old, from the interior of the State of Alagoas. Parasitological diagnosis was made by bone marrow aspirate; three (3.37%) patients died, 12 (13.48%) had adverse reactions and treatment was changed to amphotericin B, and 74 (83.14%) were cured. Changes that led to replacing Glucantime® were persistent fever, jaundice, rash, bleeding and cyanosis.

Conclusion:

During the study, 89 patients hospitalized for VL were analyzed 74 were healed, 12 were replaced by amphotericin B treatment and three died. Most of them were under five years old, male and came from the interior. The dosage and duration of treatment with Glucantime® were consistent with that advocated by the Ministry of Health. Persistence of fever, jaundice, rash, cyanosis and bleeding were the reactions that led the physician to modify treatment. No change was observed in blood pressure before and after treatment. This study demonstrated the work of a hospital, a reference in the treatment of leishmaniasis, which has many patients demanding its services in this area. It demonstrates that this disease is still important today, and needs to be addressed properly to prevent injury and death due to the disease.
RESUMO
A Leishmaniose visceral é doença infecciosa causada por protozoários das espécies chagasi e donovani sendo transmitida pela picada de insetos fêmea dos gêneros Lutzomyia e Phlebotomos. Constitui doença febril, determinando amplo aspecto de manifestações clínicas e prognóstico variável, que pode levar à morte se não for tratada. É doença endêmica encontrada no Brasil e nos últimos anos verificou-se intenso processo de urbanização da endemia e aumento da letalidade por leishmaniose visceral. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar pacientes com leishmaniose visceral de acordo com os critérios utilizados para o diagnóstico, possíveis reações ao Glucantime® e pressão arterial, medidos antes e após o tratamento.

Métodos:

Foram avaliados 89 pacientes internados no Hospital Universitário Dr. Hélvio Auto (HEHA), em Maceió-AL, no período de maio de 2006 a dezembro de 2009. Foram coletados dados sobre idade, sexo, origem, método de diagnóstico, efeitos adversos da droga, duração da hospitalização, duração do tratamento e dose até o aparecimento de efeitos adversos.

Resultados:

Houve predomínio de crianças do sexo masculino, com idade entre um e cinco anos, a partir do interior do Estado de Alagoas. O diagnóstico parasitológico foi feito pelo aspirado de medula óssea, três (3,37%) pacientes morreram, 12 (13,48 %) apresentaram reações adversas e o tratamento foi alterado para anfotericina B, e 74 (83,14 %) foram curados. As alterações que levaram à substituição de Glucantime® foi febre persistente. A dosagem e duração do tratamento com Glucantime® foi seguido como preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde. A persistência de febre, icterícia, prurido, cianose e sangramento foram as reações que levaram o médico a modificar o tratamento. Nenhuma mudança foi observada na pressão arterial antes e após o tratamento. O estudo realizado demonstrou o perfil de um Hospital, que recebe grande demanda de casos de leishmaniose visceral. Isso demonstra que essa doença continua sendo importante na atualidade, precisando ser abordada de maneira adequada, evitando assim agravos e mortes pela doença.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Organometallic Compounds / Amphotericin B / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Meglumine / Antiprotozoal Agents Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: University Center Cesmac/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Organometallic Compounds / Amphotericin B / Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Meglumine / Antiprotozoal Agents Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: University Center Cesmac/BR