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Ventilação de alta freqüência por oscilação comparada a ventilação mecânica convencional associada a reposição de surfactante em coelhos / High frequency oscillation ventilation compared to conventional mechanical ventilation plus exogenous surfactant replacement in rabbits
Piva, Jefferson; Chatrkaw, Phornlert; Choong, Karen; Frndova, Helena; Cox, Peter.
  • Piva, Jefferson; University of Toronto. Hospital for Sick Children and School of Medicine. Department of Critical Care Medicine. Pediatric Intensive Care. Toronto. BR
  • Chatrkaw, Phornlert; University of Toronto. Hospital for Sick Children and School of Medicine. Department of Critical Care Medicine. Pediatric Intensive Care. Toronto. BR
  • Choong, Karen; University of Toronto. Hospital for Sick Children and School of Medicine. Department of Critical Care Medicine. Pediatric Intensive Care. Toronto. BR
  • Frndova, Helena; University of Toronto. Hospital for Sick Children and School of Medicine. Department of Critical Care Medicine. Pediatric Intensive Care. Toronto. BR
  • Cox, Peter; University of Toronto. Hospital for Sick Children and School of Medicine. Department of Critical Care Medicine. Pediatric Intensive Care. Toronto. BR
Rev. Soc. Boliv. Pediatr ; 41(3): 154-160, ago. 2002. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-738389
RESUMO

Objetivos:

a) avaliar o efeito na oxigenação e ventilação de coelhos artificialmente depletados de surfactante quando submetidos à ventilação mecânica convencional associada à reposição parcial de surfactante exógeno; b) comparar a evolução deste grupo com outro grupo submetido à ventilação de alta freqüência por oscilação (HFO) sem reposição associada de surfactante.

Métodos:

Vinte coelhos brancos da raça New Zealand, peso de + 3 kg, foram anestesiados e artificialmente induzidos à depleção de surfactante endógeno através de sucessivas lavagens pulmonares com alíquotas (25 ml/kg) de solução fisiológica, até atingir uma PaO2 menor que 100 mmHg, quando ventilados via traqueostomia no modo de pressão controlada objetivando um volume corrente de 10ml/kg, com PEEP de 5cm H2O, FiO2 de 100%, freqüência respiratória de 30 mpm, e tempo inspiratório de 0,65 s. Posteriormente, os coelhos foram divididos em (a) grupo CMV+S, submetido à ventilação convencional associada com reposição parcial de surfactante exógeno; (b) grupo HFO submetido à ventilação de alta freqüência por oscilação. Gasometrias arteriais foram coletadas antes da lavagem pulmonar, após a lavagem pulmonar, 15, 60 e 120 minutos após iniciado o tratamento. Os grupos foram comparados utilizando-se o teste t de Student.

Resultados:

Em ambos grupos a PaO2 (pós lavagem pulmonar) era inferior a 50mmHg (p=0,154), subindo aos15 minutos de tratamento para 254 mmHg (CMV+S) e 288 mmHg (HFO, p=0,626). Aos 60 e 120 minutos, a PaO2 foi maior (p=0,001) no grupo HFO (431 e 431 mmHg) quando comparado com o grupo CMV+S, que apresentou queda progressiva (148 e 126 mmHg). Aos 60 minutos a PaCO2 era significativamente menor no grupo do CMV+S (29 versus 41 mmHg).

Conclusões:

Em modelo animal com SARA a estratégia de ventilação protetora como a HFO, isoladamente, promove uma rápida e persistente melhora na oxigenação, inclusive, com níveis superiores aos obtidos pelos animais submetidos à ventilação mecânica convencional associada à reposição de surfactante.
ABSTRACT

Objectives:

(a) to evaluate the effect on oxygenation and ventilation of rabbits with induced surfactant depletion when they are submitted to a conventional mechanical ventilation, plus a small dose of exogenous surfactant; (b) to compare this group with another group submitted to a High Frequency Oscillation (HFO) without exogenous surfactant administration.

Methods:

Twenty New Zealand White rabbits weighing (+ 3 kg) were anaesthetized and artificially induced to a endogenous surfactant depletion by successively lung lavage with normal saline (aliquots of 25 ml/kg) until to reach a persistent PaO2 less than 100 mmHg when submitted to a mechanical ventilation in a pressure control mode with a target tidal volume of 10ml/kg, PEEP of 5cm H2O, FiO2 1.0, respiratory rate 30/min, and inspiratory time of 0.65 s. Then the rabbits were divided in (a) CMV+S group, submitted to a conventional mechanical ventilation plus exogenous surfactant replacement; (b) HFO group, submitted to a High Frequency Oscillation Ventilation. Arterial blood gases were measured at control period, post lung lavage, 15, 16 and 120 minutes after treatment started. The groups were compared using Student t test.

Results:

The post lung lavage PaO2 in both groups was lower than 50mmHg (p=0.154), increasing after 15 min of treatment to 254 mmHg (CMV+S) and 288 mmHg (HFO, p=0.626). The PaO2 at 60 and 120 minutes were higher (p=0.001) in the HFO group (431 e 431 mmHg) when compared with the CMV+S group, which showed a progressive fall (148 e 126 mmHg). At 60 minutes of treatment, the PaCO2 was lower (p=0.008) in the CMV+S group (29 versus 41 mmHg).

Conclusions:

In ARDS animal model a protect mechanical ventilation strategy as HFO by itself promotes a fast and persistent increase in the oxygenation, with superior levels than those observed in animals treated with conventional mechanical ventilation plus exogenous surfactant replacement.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Screening study Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Soc. Boliv. Pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2002 Type: Article Affiliation country: Canada Institution/Affiliation country: University of Toronto/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Screening study Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Soc. Boliv. Pediatr Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2002 Type: Article Affiliation country: Canada Institution/Affiliation country: University of Toronto/BR