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Presente y futuro de la estimulación magnética transcraneal / Present and future of the transcranial magnetic stimulation
Leon-Sarmiento, Fidias E; Granadillo, Elías; Bayona, Edgardo A.
  • Leon-Sarmiento, Fidias E; University of Pennsylvania. Department of Otorhinolaryngology. Smell and Taste Center. Philadelphia. US
  • Granadillo, Elías; University of Pennsylvania. Department of Otorhinolaryngology. Smell and Taste Center. Philadelphia. US
  • Bayona, Edgardo A; University of Pennsylvania. Department of Otorhinolaryngology. Smell and Taste Center. Philadelphia. US
Invest. clín ; 54(1): 74-89, mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-740338
RESUMEN
La estimulación magnética transcraneal ha llamado la atención de neurocientíficos y público en general por la posibilidad de estimular y “controlar” el sistema nervioso de forma no invasiva, realizar diagnósticos más exactos, y aplicar tratamientos y programas de rehabilitación más efectivos en múltiples enfermedades que afectan el sistema nervioso. Así mismo, esta novedosa herramienta ha ayudado a develar la complejidad del comportamiento neural, sus conexiones y su modulación plástica. La estimulación magnética aplicada de manera simple o pareada, se ha convertido en una alternativa útil en el diagnóstico de enfermedades como esclerosis múltiple, enfermedad de Parkinson, epilepsia, distonía, esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, enfermedad cerebro vascular, así como el sueño y sus trastornos, entre otras alteraciones. A nivel terapéutico, se ha sugerido el uso de la estimulación magnética repetitiva con diferentes niveles de evidencia en depresión refractaria a tratamiento farmacológico convencional, tinitus, afonía psicógena, enfermedad de Alzheimer, autismo, enfermedad de Parkinson, distonías, accidente cerebro vascular, epilepsia, trastornos de ansiedad generalizada, estrés post-traumático, alucinaciones auditivas, dolor crónico, afasias, trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, disquinesias inducidas por L-Dopa, manía y síndrome de Rasmussen, entre otros trastornos. Su beneficio en neurorehabilitación es una realidad inocultable, en cuyo caso se ha podido usar con efectividad y, prácticamente, sin efectos secundarios.
ABSTRACT
Magnetic stimulation has called the attention of neuroscientists and the public due to the possibility to stimulate and “control” the nervous system in a non-invasive way. It has helped to make more accurate diagnosis, and apply more effective treatments and rehabilitation protocols in several diseases that affect the nervous system. Likewise, this novel tool has increased our knowledge about complex neural behavior, its connections as well as its plastic modulation. Magnetic stimulation applied in simple or paired-pulse protocols is a useful alternative in the diagnosis of diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, epilepsy, dystonia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, and sleep disorders. From the therapeutic perspective, magnetic stimulation applied repetitively has been found useful, with different degrees of efficacy, in treating resistant depression, tinnitus, psychogenic dysphonia, Alzheimer disease, autism, Parkinson disease, dystonia, stroke, epilepsy, generalized anxiety as well as post traumatic stress disorder, auditory hallucinations, chronic pain, aphasias, obsessive-compulsive disorders, L-dopa induced dyskynesia, mania and Rasmussen syndrome, among others. The potential of magnetic stimulation in neurorehabilitation is outstanding, with excellent range of safety and, in practical terms, without side effects.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Practice guideline Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Invest. clín Journal subject: Biologia / Medicine / Relatos de Casos Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: University of Pennsylvania/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Practice guideline Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Invest. clín Journal subject: Biologia / Medicine / Relatos de Casos Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: University of Pennsylvania/US