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Chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis: update on diagnosis and treatment / Rinossinusite crônica e polipose nasossinusal na fibrose cística: atualização sobre diagnóstico e tratamento
Kang, Suzie Hyeona; Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth; Piltcher, Otavio Bejzman; Migliavacca, Raphaella de Oliveira.
  • Kang, Suzie Hyeona; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Piltcher, Otavio Bejzman; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Migliavacca, Raphaella de Oliveira; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. School of Medicine. Porto Alegre. BR
J. bras. pneumol ; 41(1): 65-76, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741555
ABSTRACT
Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is an irreversible genetic disease, advances in treatment have increased the life expectancy of CF patients. Upper airway involvement, which is mainly due to pathological changes in the paranasal sinuses, is prevalent in CF patients, although many are only mildly symptomatic (with few symptoms). The objective of this literature review was to discuss the pathophysiology and current therapeutic management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in CF patients. The review was based on current evidence, which was classified in accordance with the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria. When symptomatic, CRS with nasal polyps can affect quality of life and can lead to pulmonary exacerbations, given that the paranasal sinuses can be colonized with pathogenic bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infection with P. aeruginosa plays a crucial role in morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation in CF patients. Although clinical treatment of the upper airways is recommended as initial management, this recommendation is often extrapolated from studies of CRS in the general population. When sinonasal disease is refractory to noninvasive therapy, surgery is indicated. Further studies are needed in order to gain a better understanding of upper airway involvement and improve the management of CRS in CF patients, with the objective of preserving lung function and avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures.
RESUMO
A fibrose cística (FC) é uma doença genética irreversível, mas os avanços no tratamento têm aumentado a expectativa de vida dos pacientes. O acometimento das vias aéreas superiores, principalmente por alterações patológicas dos seios paranasais, é prevalente nesses pacientes, embora muitos apresentem poucos sintomas. O objetivo desta revisão é discutir a fisiopatologia e o manejo terapêutico atual da rinossinusite crônica (RSC) na FC. A revisão fundamentou-se nas evidências mais recentes, classificadas em conformidade com os critérios do Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Quando sintomática, a RSC com pólipos nasais pode afetar a qualidade de vida e as exacerbações pulmonares, já que os seios paranasais podem ser colonizados por bactérias patogênicas, principalmente a Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Essa bactéria tem papel crucial na morbidade e mortalidade após o transplante pulmonar em pacientes com FC. Embora o tratamento clínico das vias aéreas superiores seja indicado no manejo inicial, a indicação é muitas vezes extrapolada de estudos sobre RSC na população geral. A cirurgia é a alternativa quando o quadro nasossinusal é refratário à terapia não invasiva. Mais estudos são necessários para compreender melhor o acometimento das vias aéreas superiores e melhorar o manejo da RSC na FC, a fim de preservar a função pulmonar e evitar procedimentos invasivos desnecessários.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sinusitis / Rhinitis / Nasal Polyps / Cystic Fibrosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Practice guideline Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sinusitis / Rhinitis / Nasal Polyps / Cystic Fibrosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Practice guideline Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J. bras. pneumol Journal subject: Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR