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Perinatal ischemic stroke: a five-year retrospective study in a level-III maternity / Acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico perinatal: estudo retrospectivo de 5 anos em maternidade nível III
Machado, Virgínia; Pimentel, Sónia; Pinto, Filomena; Nona, José.
  • Machado, Virgínia; Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa. PT
  • Pimentel, Sónia; Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa. PT
  • Pinto, Filomena; Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa. PT
  • Nona, José; Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa. PT
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(1): 65-71, Jan-Mar/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-745864
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, imaging diagnosis, and clinical outcome of perinatal stroke. Methods Data was retrospectively collected from full-term newborns admitted to the neonatal unit of a level III maternity in Lisbon with cerebral stroke, from January 2007 to December 2011. Results There were 11 cases of stroke nine were arterial ischemic stroke and two were cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. We estimated an incidence of arterial ischemic stroke of 1.6/5,000 births and of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis of 7.2/100,000 births. There were two cases of recurrent stroke. Eight patients presented with symptoms while the remaining three were asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed. The most frequently registered symptoms (8/11) were seizures; in that, generalized clonic (3/8) and focal clonic (5/8). Strokes were more commonly left-sided (9/11), and the most affected artery was the left middle cerebral artery (8/11). Transfontanelle ultrasound was positive in most of the patients (10/11), and stroke was confirmed by cerebral magnetic resonance in all patients. Electroencephalographic recordings were carried out in five patients and were abnormal in three (focal abnormalities n=2, burst-suppression pattern n=1). Eight patients had previously identified risk factors for neonatal stroke which included obstetric and neonatal causes. Ten patients were followed up at outpatients setting; four patients developed motor deficits and one presented with epilepsy. Conclusions Although a modest and heterogeneous sample, this study emphasizes the need for a high level of suspicion when it comes to neonatal stroke, primarily in the presence of risk factors. The prevalence of neurological sequelae in our series supports the need of long-term follow-up and early intervention strategies. .
RESUMO
Objetivo Estudar incidência, apresentação clínica, fatores de risco, resultado de exames de imagem e desfecho clínico do acidente vascular cerebral perinatal. Métodos Análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de recém-nascidos a termo internados com o diagnóstico de acidente vascular cerebral perinatal no Serviço de Neonatologia, de uma maternidade nível III, em Lisboa, de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2011. Resultados Houve 11 casos de acidente vascular cerebral nove isquêmicos arteriais e duas tromboses dos seios venosos. As incidências foram estimadas para acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico arterial de 1,6/5.000 nascimentos; para trombose dos seios venosos de 7,2/100.000 nascimentos. Houve dois casos de recorrência. Oito doentes foram sintomáticos e três assintomáticos, com diagnóstico incidental. As convulsões foram o sintoma mais frequente (8/11) clônicas generalizadas (3/8) e clônicas focais (5/8). O território vascular esquerdo foi o mais afetado (9/11), particularmente a artéria cerebral média esquerda (8/11). A ecografia transfontanelar foi positiva na maioria dos doentes (10/11), sendo o diagnóstico confirmado por ressonância magnética cerebral em todos. Dos cinco doentes que realizam eletroencefalograma, três apresentaram alterações (alterações focais n=2 e padrão de surto-supressão n=1). Oito doentes apresentaram fatores de risco para acidente vascular cerebral neonatal, incluindo causas obstétricas e neonatais. Dez doentes foram acompanhados em ambulatório, dos quais quatro apresentaram défice motores e um apresentou epilepsia. Conclusão Apesar de uma amostra limitada e heterogênea, este estudo reforça a necessidade de um elevado nível de suspeita para acidente vascular cerebral perinatal, particularmente na presença de fatores de risco. A prevalência de sequelas neurológicas em nossa série reforça a necessidade de seguimento a longo prazo e de estratégias de intervenção precoces. .
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brain Ischemia / Stroke Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Einstein (Säo Paulo) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Portugal Institution/Affiliation country: Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa/PT

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Brain Ischemia / Stroke Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Einstein (Säo Paulo) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Portugal Institution/Affiliation country: Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa/PT