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Evidence on equity, governance and financing after health care reform in Mexico: lessons for latin american countries / Evidencias sobre gobernanza, equidad y financiamiento en salud en méxico: lecciones para paises latinoamericanos
Arredondo, Armando; Orozco, Emanuel; Aviles, Raúl.
  • Arredondo, Armando; National Institute of Public Health. Center for Health System Research. Department of Health System Organization. Cuernavaca. MX
  • Orozco, Emanuel; National Institute of Public Health. Center for Health System Research. Department of Academic Support. Cuernavaca. MX
  • Aviles, Raúl; National Institute of Public Health. Center for Health System Research. Department of Health System Organization. Cuernavaca. MX
Saúde Soc ; 24(supl.1): 162-175, Apr-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749900
ABSTRACT
This article includes evidence on equity, governance and health financing outcomes of the Mexican health system. An evaluative research with a cross-sectional design was oriented towards the qualitative and quantitative analysis of financing, governance and equity indicators. Taking into account feasibility, as well as political and technical criteria, seven Mexican states were selected as study populations and an evaluative research was conducted during 2002-2010. The data collection techniques were based on in-depth interviews with key personnel (providers, users and community leaders), consensus technique and document analysis. The qualitative analysis was done with ATLAS TI and POLICY MAKER softwares. The Mexican health system reform has modified dependence at the central level; there is a new equity equation for resources allocation, community leaders and users of services reported the need to improve an effective accountability system at both municipal and state levels. Strategies for equity, governance and financing do not have adequate mechanisms to promote participation from all social actors. Improving this situation is a very important goal in the Mexican health democratization process, in the context of health care reform. Inequality on resources allocation in some regions and catastrophic expenditure for users is unequal in all states, producing more negative effects on states with high social marginalization. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis of the main strengths and weaknesses, as relevant evidences for other Latin American countries which are designing, implementing and evaluating reform strategies in order to achieve equity, good governance and a greater financial protection in health.
RESUMEN
Este articulo incluye evidencias sobre equidad, gobernanza y financiamiento como resultado de la reforma de la salud en México. Partió de una investigación evaluativa de diseño transversal con análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo en servicios de salud para población no asegurada desarrollada durante 2002-20010 Bajo criterios de factibilidad técnica, política y financiera, siete estados mexicanos fueron seleccionados. Los datos se recopilaron a través entrevistas a profundidad con actores clave (proveedores, usuarios, líderes comunitarios, legisladores y directivos), técnica de consenso y revisión documental y estadísticas oficiales. El procesamiento y análisis de la información se realizó con los paquetes ATLAS-TI Y POLICY MAKER. La reforma en salud ha podido modificar la dependencia del nivel central; existe nueva formula de equidad; los lideres comunitarios y usuarios plantean la necesidad de implementar sistemas de rendición de cuentas en salud a nivel municipal y estatal; las estrategias de reforma no cuentan con mecanismos adecuados para una participación de todos los actores del sistema de salud, aún cuando la democratización en salud se constituyó como eje conductor de la reforma; los niveles de inequidad en la asignación de recursos y los gastos catastróficos en salud afectan de manera desigual, teniendo impacto negativo en los estados con marginación social. Enfasis especial se hace en una lista de fortalezas y debilidades que a manera de lecciones aprendidas se sugieren para lograr una mayor equidad, mejores niveles de gobernanza y mayor protección financiera en los proyectos de reforma en salud a nivel mundial y particularmente en América Latina.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Systems / Public Health / Equity in the Resource Allocation / Equity / Healthcare Financing / Financing, Government Type of study: Health economic evaluation / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: English Journal: Saúde Soc Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Public Health/MX

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Systems / Public Health / Equity in the Resource Allocation / Equity / Healthcare Financing / Financing, Government Type of study: Health economic evaluation / Observational study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: English Journal: Saúde Soc Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: National Institute of Public Health/MX