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Disseminated bronchiectasis in an adult with common variable immunodeficiency / Bronquiectasias diseminada en un adulto con inmunodeficiencia común variable
Zea-Vera, Andrés Felipe; Agudelo-Rojas, Olga Lucia.
  • Zea-Vera, Andrés Felipe; Universidad del Valle. Faculty of Health. Department of Internal Medicine. Cali. CO
  • Agudelo-Rojas, Olga Lucia; Universidad del Valle. Faculty of Health. Department of Internal Medicine. Cali. CO
Colomb. med ; 46(1): 47-50, Jan.-Mar. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-753535
ABSTRACT
Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are traditionally considered childhood diseases; however, adults account for 35% of all patients with PID. Antibody deficiencies, especially Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), which have their peak incidence in adulthood, require a high suspicion index. Even though the estimated frequency of CVID is not high (125,000), high rates of under diagnosis and under reporting are very likely. The delay in diagnosis increases the morbidity and mortality; therefore, adult physicians should be able to suspect, identify and initiate management of individuals with PID. Here we report the case of a 37 year-old man presenting to the emergency room with dyspnea, fever and cough; he developed respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. He complained of recurring pneumonia associated with widespread bronchiectasis since he was 18 years old. Serum immunoglobulins quantification showed severe hypogammaglobulinemia (total IgG <140 mg/dL; total IgA, 2.9 mg/dL; and total IgM <5 mg/dL). Treatment with Human Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) 10% was started, and with antibiotic treatment for severe pneumonia (during 14 days) was also prescribed. His clinical evolution has been favorable after one year follow-up. Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) diagnosis was made.
RESUMEN
Las inmunodeficiencias primarias (IDP) son patologías que tradicionalmente se consideran de la niñez sin embargo los adultos representan el 35% del total de pacientes con IDP. Las deficiencias de anticuerpos, en especial la Inmunodeficiencia Común Variable (IDCV) tienen su pico de incidencia en la edad adulta, requiere un alto índice de sospecha y si bien su frecuencia estimada no es alta (125,000), es muy posible que el subregistro y subdiagnóstico si lo sean. El retraso en el diagnóstico aumenta la morbi-mortalidad razón por la cual los médicos de adultos deben estar en capacidad de sospechar, identificar e iniciar el manejo de las personas con IPD. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 37 años de edad atendido en la sala de urgencias con disnea, fiebre y tos, desarrolla falla respiratoria requiriendo ventilación mecánica. Refería neumonías a repetición desde los 18 años de edad asociadas con bronquiectasias generalizadas. La cuantificación de inmunoglobulinas séricas evidenció hipogammaglobulinemia severa (IgG total <140 mg/dL, IgA total 2.9 mg/dL, IgM total <5 mg/dL), se inició inmunoglobulina humana endovenosa (IGIV) al 10%, y recibió tratamiento antibiótico por 14 dias para neumonía severa, su evolución clínica ha sido favorable hasta ahora (un año de seguimiento), se estableció el diagnostico de Inmunodeficiencia Común Variable (IDCV).
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Bronchiectasis / Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Agammaglobulinemia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Colomb. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad del Valle/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Bronchiectasis / Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Agammaglobulinemia Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Colomb. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2015 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad del Valle/CO