Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Dental morphological markers as a proxy for ethnicity in Robinson Crusoe Islanders / Marcadores morfológicos dentarios en la estimación de la etnicidad poblacional de la Isla Robinson Crusoe
Villanueva, Pía; Quevedo, Mónica; Barbieri, Zulema de; Piñeiro, Soledad; Herrero, Carolina; Fernández, María Angélica; Palomino, Hernán.
  • Villanueva, Pía; Universidad de Chile. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dentomaxillary Orthopedics. Santiago. CL
  • Quevedo, Mónica; Robinson Crusoe Island Health Public Centre. CL
  • Barbieri, Zulema de; Universidad de Chile. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences. Santiago. CL
  • Piñeiro, Soledad; s.af
  • Herrero, Carolina; s.af
  • Fernández, María Angélica; Universidad de Chile. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences. Santiago. CL
  • Palomino, Hernán; Universidad de Chile. Faculty of Medicine. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Human Genetics Division. Santiago. CL
Int. j. morphol ; 33(2): 538-543, jun. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-755507
ABSTRACT
Chilean Robinson Crusoe Island is a semi-isolated location with unusually high rates of both consanguinity and language disorder. The current population of 633 inhabitants is descended almost exclusively from the colonization at the end of the 19th century, as there were few preceding immigrations to the island. This study investigates the genetic composition and degree of miscegenation within the island population, using dental morphological markers. The universe of island children was studied (n= 128, 3 to 15 years of age) using clinical exams, dental cast, and identification of each individual within a previously-constructed extensive genealogy for the island. The frequencies for Carabelli's cusp (61.7%), shovel-shaped incisor (9.4%), and sixth cusp (2.3%), along with the absence of seventh cusp, are consistent with a primarily Caucasian population. The estimated degree of miscegenation suggests an Amerindian component of 4.3%, which is consistent with the extensive known genealogies of the founders. Characterizing the genetic profile of Robinson Crusoe Island, a location with a remarkably high prevalence of language disorder, facilitates the comparison of the genetic variants underlying this pathology with those identified in European populations.
RESUMEN
La isla chilena Robinson Crusoe es un semiaislado geográfico de alta consanguinidad. Su población actual de 633 habitantes proviene de la última colonización ocurrida a finales del siglo XIX y pocas migraciones posteriores, en quienes recientemente se ha descrito una alta incidencia de trastorno de lenguaje. Este estudio estimó el componente genético y grado de miscegenación de la población isleña usando marcadores morfológicos dentarios. Se estudió al universo de niños isleños (n= 128, 3 a 15 años de edad) con exámenes clínicos, modelos dentales y ubicación de cada individuo en genealogías extensas confeccionadas previamente. La frecuencia de Tubérculo de Carabelli fue 61,7%, Diente en Pala 9,4%, tubérculo sexto 2,3% y ausencia del rasgo tubérculo séptimo, lo que concuerda con una población eminentemente caucásica. El grado de miscegenación estima que el componente amerindio de esta población es de 4,3%, que también se evidencia al analizar las genealogías extensas originadas por los colonizadores. La descripción del perfil genético de esta población, donde se han reportado altas prevalencias de trastorno de lenguaje, permitirá comparar con las variantes genéticas subyacentes a esta patología descritas para poblaciones europeas.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tooth / Language Development Disorders Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2015 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Robinson Crusoe Island Health Public Centre/CL / Universidad de Chile/CL

Similar

MEDLINE

...
LILACS

LIS


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tooth / Language Development Disorders Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2015 Type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Robinson Crusoe Island Health Public Centre/CL / Universidad de Chile/CL