O efeito do tratamento da superfície na molhabilidade do Ti cp / Effect of surface treatments on cp Ti wettability

RESUMO

O aumento da energia da superfície dos implantes osseointegráveis aumenta a capacidade de adsorção de íons pela superfície e, consequentemente, eleva a absorção celular e maximiza a osseointegração. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a influência da morfologia da superfície do titânio comercialmente puro (Ti cp) na molhabilidade quantificada pelo ângulo de contato entre a superfície do titânio e a água. No presente estudo, 82 discos de Ti cp foram tratados por seis fabricantes de implantes dentários. As amostras foram tratadas com ácido, jateadas com e sem tratamento com ácido e anodizadas. Amostras de Ti cp puro usinadas foram usadas como grupo controle. Todas as superfícies foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Para as análises estatísticas empregou-se Anova e o teste Tukey hoc com significância p < 0,05. Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram ângulo de contato superior a 45 graus, exceto as amostras anodizadas. Pôde-se concluir que o tratamento da superfície influencia na molhabilidade do titânio, justificando a ocorrência da diferença na osseointegração dos implantes com diferentes tipos de superfície...

ABSTRACT

Increased implant surface wettability generates increased ion adsorption capacity, which consequently enhances cell absorption and maximizes osseointegration. The aim of this study was to determine, in vitro, the influence of different implant surface topography on wettability by the contact angle between Ti surface and water. Materials and Methods: In this study, 82 commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) disks, 5-mm in diameter and 3-mm thick, were provided by 6 titanium dental implants manufacturers. Samples were assigned to one of the following experimental groups according to surface treatment process: Group 1 – acid-etched implant surfaces; Grupo 2 – sandblasted/acid-etched implant surfaces; Group 3 - acid-etched implant surfaces; Group 4 - sandblasted/acid-etched implant surfaces; Grupo 5 - sandblasted/acid-etched/ gamma irradiated implant surfaces; Group 6 – acidetched implant surfaces; Group 7 - acid-etched implant surfaces; Group 8 – anodized implant surface. Machined cp Ti samples were used as control group (Group 9). All surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contact angle of a drop of distilled water on each of the prepared surfaces was used as the measure of wettability with a goniometer microscope. One-way Anova and Turkey’s post hoc test were used to assess statistical signifi cance (p < 0.05). Results: all experimental groups showed contact angles higher than 45 degrees, except anodized samples. The contact angle of water on the anodized surface (Group 8) was lower than 45 degrees, thus indicating a significant difference in wettability when compared to the other surfaces studied. Conclusion: within the limits of this investigation, the anodized surface produced the greatest increase in the wettability by decreasing the contact angle to less than 45 degrees...