Asma na criança: tratamento da crise / Children's asthma: crisis treatment

RESUMO

Nas últimas duas décadas, apesar dos novos medicamentos e de drogas mais específicas, a asma continua sendo um motivo comum de procura aos serviços de emergência. Além disso, a mortalidade tem aumentado, principalmente devido à falta de reconhecimento da gravidade da doença, seja esta pelo paciente ou pelo profissional de saúde. Um melhor reconhecimento das crises de asma e o tratamento padronizado pelos pediatras se fazem necessários para diminuir a mortalidade nestes pacientes. Os autores discutem o escore da gravidade da asma e o uso de novos medicamentos para as crianças asmáticas que desencadeiam uma crise aguda.

ABSTRACT

In the last two decades, asthma continues to be a common reason of visiting the Emergency Departament, despite of the introduction of new and more specific drugs for its treatment. Beside, a rise of mortality rate by this cause is observed, mainly because a lack of recognition of the gravidity of the disease, even by the patient as weel as by his physician. A better recognition opf the gravidity of the asthma crisis and standartized treatment plan by the physicians that take care of asthmatic children are necessary for diminishing the mortality for the inpatients. A score system for asthma, rating it as mild, moderate and severe degrees, and the recognition of its gravidity allowing the right therapeutic approach of the acute asthma using bronchodilators and anti-inflamatory drugs acting over the pulmonary tree. We discuss some new therapeutic and clinical approaches, new drugs and some clinical scores to define asthma gravidity and thus promote a better care to asthmatic children in acute asthma.