Preditores da qualidade de vida de idosos urbanos e rurais / Predictors of the quality of life of urban and rural elderly people / Predictores calidad de vida de los ancianos urbanos y rurales

RESUMO

Objetivou-se comparar características sociodemográficas e verificar preditores associados aos menores escores de qualidade de vida (QV) de idosos, segundo local de moradia. Inquérito transversal realizado nas zonas rural e urbana, utilizando instrumentos estruturados e validados. Verificou-se prevalência de idosos do sexo feminino,longevos, sem companheiro na zona urbana, diferentemente da rural. Em ambas as localidades, o número de morbidades foi o maior preditor nos domínios físico, psicológico e meio ambiente e facetas atividades passadas,presentes e futuras e participação social; nas relações sociais, o maior número de morbidades na urbana e na rural foi ausência de companheiro; no funcionamento dos sentidos e autonomia, o maior preditor urbano foi o número de morbidades; para autonomia, na rural, ausência de renda; na intimidade, ausência de companheiro para ambos. Concluiu-se que as características sociodemográficas divergem conforme o local de moradia. O número de morbidades é o principal preditor de menores escores de QV.

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to compare sociodemographic characteristics and verify predictors associated with lower scores ofquality of life (QOL) of the elderly according to place of residence. Cross-sectional survey conducted in rural andurban areas using structured validated instruments. There was a prevalence of female elderly people, long-lived,without partners, in urban areas, unlike rural areas. In both locations, the number of morbidities was the bestpredictor in the physical, psychological and environmental aspects and past, present and future activities and socialparticipation; in social relations, the highest number of morbidities in urban and rural areas was for those withoutpartners; in sensory abilities and autonomy, the largest urban predictor was the number of morbidities; for autonomyin the rural area, lack of income; in intimacy, lack of a partner for both. It was concluded that the sociodemographiccharacteristics differ according to place of residence. The number of morbidities is the main predictor of lower QoLscores.

RESUMEN

This study aimed to compare sociodemographic characteristics and verify predictors associated with lower scores ofquality of life (QOL) of the elderly according to place of residence. Cross-sectional survey conducted in rural andurban areas using structured validated instruments. There was a prevalence of female elderly people, long-lived,without partners, in urban areas, unlike rural areas. In both locations, the number of morbidities was the bestpredictor in the physical, psychological and environmental aspects and past, present and future activities and socialparticipation; in social relations, the highest number of morbidities in urban and rural areas was for those withoutpartners; in sensory abilities and autonomy, the largest urban predictor was the number of morbidities; for autonomyin the rural area, lack of income; in intimacy, lack of a partner for both. It was concluded that the sociodemographiccharacteristics differ according to place of residence. The number of morbidities is the main predictor of lower QoLscores.