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Retrospective karyotype study in mentally retarded patients / Estudo retrospectivo de cariótipo em pacientes com retardo mental
Teixeira, Wellcy Gonçalves; Marques, Fabiana Kalina; Freire, Maíra Cristina Menezes.
  • Teixeira, Wellcy Gonçalves; Instituto Hermes Pardini. Laboratory Specialist. Belo Horizonte. BR
  • Marques, Fabiana Kalina; Instituto Hermes Pardini. Laboratory Specialist. Belo Horizonte. BR
  • Freire, Maíra Cristina Menezes; Instituto Hermes Pardini. Laboratory Specialist. Belo Horizonte. BR
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 62(3): 262-268, May-June 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-784312
ABSTRACT
SUMMARY

Objective:

To describe the chromosomal alterations in patients with mental retardation (MR) using G-banding karyotype analysis.

Method:

A retrospective study of the results G-banding karyotype analysis of 369 patients investigated for MR was performed. Based on the structural rearrangements found, the authors searched all chromosomal regions related with breakpoints, and these were compared with the literature on MR and databases.

Results:

338 (91.6%) normal cases, and 31 (8.4%) with some type of chromosomal abnormality were identified. Among the altered cases, 21 patients (67.8%) were identified with structural chromosomal alterations, nine (29%) with numerical alterations, and one (3.2%) with numerical and structural alterations.

Conclusion:

Structural chromosomal abnormalities were observed more frequently in this study. G-banding karyotyping contributes to the investigation of the causes of MR, showing that this technique can be useful for initial screening of patients. However, higher resolution techniques such as array based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MPLA) can detect submicroscopic alterations commonly associated with MR.
RESUMO
RESUMO

Objetivo:

descrever as alterações cromossômicas em pacientes com retardo mental (RM) pela análise do cariótipo com bandas G.

Método:

foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos resultados de cariótipo com bandas G de 369 pacientes em investigação de RM. A partir dos rearranjos estruturais encontrados, foram levantadas todas as regiões cromossômicas envolvidas nos pontos de quebra e elas foram comparadas com a literatura para RM e bancos de dados.

Resultados:

foram identificados 338 (91,6%) casos normais e 31 (8,4%) com algum tipo de alteração cromossômica. Dentre os casos alterados, 21 pacientes (67,8%) foram identificados com alterações cromossômicas estruturais, 9 (29%) com alterações numéricas e 1 (3,2%) com alteração numérica e estrutural.

Conclusão:

as alterações cromossômicas estruturais foram aquelas observadas com maior frequência. O cariótipo com bandas G contribui para a investigação das causas de RM, mostrando que essa técnica pode ser útil como uma primeira triagem dos pacientes. No entanto, técnicas mais resolutivas como o array based comparative genomic hibridization (aCGH) e o multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) permitem detectar alterações submicroscópicas comumente associadas ao RM.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Chromosome Aberrations / Karyotype / Karyotyping / Intellectual Disability Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Hermes Pardini/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Chromosome Aberrations / Karyotype / Karyotyping / Intellectual Disability Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2016 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Hermes Pardini/BR