Immunization coverage and the knowledge and practice of mothers regarding immunization in rural area.

ABSTRACT

One hundred and thirty mothers in the age group (15-44) years and 142 children aged (12-59) months were selected by cluster sampling method from nine villages in Wardha district. Out of this 100 mothers and 122 children could be contacted for evaluation of immunization coverage and assessing maternal knowledge and practice regarding immunization. 52.5% children were fully immunized and 45.1% were partially immunized. Vaccine coverage for B.C.G. and primary doses of DPT/OPV was 95.9% and above 85% respectively. It was 57.4% for measles and 63.04% for booster dose of DPT/OPV. Drop-out rate from second to third dose of DPT/OPV was 5.3% and from third to booster dose was 36.96%. Mothers had a fair knowledge regarding need for immunization but a poor knowledge regarding the diseases prevented and doses of the vaccines. Commonest side reactions reported were fever (36%) and pain at injection site (33%). Contraindications listed by mothers were mild cold (41%), mild fever (24%) or loose stools (14%). Health workers were the major source of information and 76% knew the use and maintenance of immunization cards.