Is vaccination against hepatitis A virus required in patients with cirrhosis of the liver?

ABSTRACT

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) superinfection can cause decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease. The risk of HAV superinfection depends on the endemicity of HAV in that particular population. Recommendations of vaccination against HAV in patients with cirrhosis of the liver in India are lacking. Our aim was to assess the seroprevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in our population of patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In a retrospective analysis, the serum of 55 patients with cirrhosis of the liver was tested for total anti-HAV antibodies by ELISA. In the 35 patients who presented with acute decompensation, the serum was also analysed for IgM anti-HAV antibodies. Fifty-four of the 55 cirrhotics (99%) were positive for total anti-HAV antibodies. All 35 patients with decompensated liver disease were also positive for total anti-HAV antibodies, and none of them tested positive for IgM anti-HAV antibodies. Most of the patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the population studied were already exposed to HAV. Routine vaccination against HAV cannot be recommended in these patients.