Dyslipidemia and dysglycemia in patients with HIV infection and in patients on antiretroviral therapy.

ABSTRACT

Objective: Use of ART in HIV infected individuals’ results in reduced mortality and morbidity associated with AIDS. Long term complications of HIV & ART including dyslipidemia & dysglycemia have raise concern regarding accelerated cardiovascular risk in these patients. Aim of study is to determine prevalence of dyslipidemia & dysglycemia in HIV infected patients and its relation to CD 4 count. Material and Methods: A cross sectional two arm comparison study carried out at Shree Sayajirao General Hospital and Medical College Baroda. The treatment arm, ON ART arm, constituted 30 patients already on ART defined as a combination of at least three classes of antiretroviral drugs, namely PIs, NNRTIs and NRTIs, one of which was a PI or an NNRTI ,or a triple combination of NRTIs. Comparator arm, ART naïve arm constituted 30 HIV-positive patients, eligible for, but not yet receiving ART. Dyslipidemia & dysglycemia were defined as high total or LDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, or low HDL cholesterol according to the adult treatment panel III (ATP III) guidelines and as the presence of diabetes , impaired fasting blood sugar(FBS) , impaired post prandial blood sugar(PP2BS) or impaired glucose tolerance according to ADA (American diabetes association)criteria ,respectively. Discussion: Dysglycemia was present in 30% of study population and dyslipidemia was present in 73.33% of study population. Difference in elevation of serum Cholesterol level and serum LDL level in patients on ART arm was statistically significant. Dysglycemia and dyslipidemia was associated with low CD 4 count compare to patients with normal blood glucose level and normal lipid profile level.