Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, India.

ABSTRACT

Background: Both rural and urban areas in India are currently experiencing a great spurt in lifestyle diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. The shift in epidemiology from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases indicates that the rural population is also at a high-risk for developing diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objective: The overall objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, Haryana state. Material and Methods: The study was planned to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in various age groups by analysing the hospital record based data. Blood for glucose estimation was collected in a fluoride vacutainer and glucose was estimated by kit based GOD –POD method. Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl and or 2 hour postprandial glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl were taken as the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis. Results: Gender specific prevalence for diabetes was 19.36% and 16.98% for male and female respectively. Maximum prevalence of diabetes 41.96% was found in the age group of 46-60 yrs. In this age group Mean fasting plasma glucose among males was 149.36 ± 19.51 and among female it was 147.43 ± 18.19. Mean 2 hour postprandial plasma glucose was 259.94 ± 51.36 & 259.65 ± 51.39 in male and female respectively. Conclusion: Rural population remains exposed to high level of blood sugar for long time due to lack of screening facility of diabetes at PHC level, and this increases the chance of developing various complication of diabetes mellitus.