Serotonin syndrome due to fluoxetine and tramadol in renal impaired patient.

ABSTRACT

Serotonin syndrome causes confusion or altered mental status; other symptoms include myoclonus, shivering, tremors, diaphoresis, hyperreflexia, incoordination, fever and diarrhoea. Tramadol possesses dual pharmacological effects i.e., a weak opiate agonist at mu, kappa and delta opiate receptors along with reuptake inhibition of norepinephrine and serotonin. Risk associated with tramadol increases when co-administered with serotonergic antidepressants or MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) and in renal impaired. The incidence of this syndrome is less than 1% as most of the cases remain unreported. The case highlights the fact that interaction between serotonergic agents like fluoxetine and tramadol especially in the presence of co-morbid medical illness can lead to serotonin syndrome.