Changing Trends in the Fungal Isolates from Clinical Specimens of Suspected Superficial Mycosis.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The local patterns of fungal isolates from clinical specimens may change with time and geographical area and it is important to be familiar with recent local trends in order to improve diagnosis. Objective: The local patterns of fungal isolates from clinical specimens of suspected superficial mycosis was studied in a tertiary care centre in Orissa between 2009 - 2011. Material and Methods: Mycological examinations of 311 materials sampled from various sites in patients with suspected superficial mycosis was done by KOH wet mount and culture. Results: A total of 311 specimens were sent for mycological study . Out of 217 specimens of suspected superficial mycosis, Trichophyton (68.42%) was the most frequently isolated genus,with T. rubrum (62.82%) as the most common species, followed by the T. mentagrophytes (29.48%) . T. schoenlenii was responsible for 18.75% of T. pedis and 38.4% of T. capitis cases. T. tonsurans was responsible for 50% of T. barbae and 23.8% T. cruris cases. Out of the other 94 specimens , Aspergillus (35.1%) was the most frequently isolated genus , with A. fumigates (57.57%) as the most common species; followed by Candida (17.02%) in which C. tropicalis (31.25%) was the most commonly isolated species followed by C. albicans (25%). Conclusions: An evident change in the spectrum of fungal isolates causing superficial mycosis has been observed with T. schoenlenii and T. tonsurans emerging as a causative agent of T. pedis , T. capitis and T. barbae and T. cruris respectively. There is a decrease in the relative frequency of C. albicans and increase in Candida tropicalis causing superficial fungal infections.