An Epidemiological study on Snakebite in Karwar.

ABSTRACT

According to the World Health Organization, snakebites cause more death and disability and are more notorious than some tropical diseases. Snakebite is a leading medical emergency in Asia/Pacific. It is one of the major causes of mortality in India. The objective of the study was to gather epidemiological information on snakebite that will help to guide/design a snakebite prevention and treatment intervention in Karwar. A retrospective study was conducted, in which we have collected data of snakebite cases admitted to the district hospital from October 2010 to October 2014. Epidemiological and demographic profiles of three hundred victims were noted. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Three hundred snakebite cases were admitted to district hospital, Karwar over the period of four years. Incidence was highest in post monsoon (n=97). Victims affected were mainly in third decade. Male preponderance was clearly seen. Farmers or people involved in farming related activities accounted for more than half of the victims (n=196). Eighty seven percent (87%) (n=261) occurred on the lower limb. Snake bite is an important neglected health problem in Karwar and surrounding rural areas . Using this study as a guiding tool, awareness and education programs on prevention of snakebite can be planned. It is important to educate people regarding first aid treatment, dos and don’ts in case of snakebite. Medical personnel should be trained; facility should be improved in Karwar district hospital so as to manage even complicated cases.