Role of National Legislation in the Interpretation and Practice of Salt Iodization Standards.

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The ICCIDD/GN Iodine Task Force was established in response to changing environment and program maturity of salt iodization programs worldwide. It aims to improve the evidence and thus the quality and effectiveness of iodine nutrition programs to help update program guidelines. To assess the role of national legislation in the interpretation and practice of salt iodization standards to achieve optimal iodine intake. Methods: A review of scientific literature, reports and data, including the development of a database to review current legislation and policies regarding universal salt iodization (USI) in national programs for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders, was conducted and analyzed to provide information on the interpretation of iodization standards. Results: Review of legislation governing iodization indicates variation in the interpretation of normative guidance (20-40 ppm) on standards. True USI (iodize all salt for human and animal consumption) is not always mandated or implemented. There are examples of changes in legislation in response to dynamic national contexts such as consumption of processed foods. Varied standards and legislation between countries complicate regional approaches to standards setting and can create trade barriers. When iodization is voluntary, information gaps often exist regarding application of the standard and the extent to which iodized salt is used in processed foods. Conclusions: Adherence to normative guidance for iodization standards is not a prerequisite for achieving optimal iodine intake. Legislation governing iodization should preferably be mandatory and support the use of iodized salt for ALL human consumption, to facilitate an evidence based approach to setting standard in a dynamic context.