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Effect of Inclusion of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Childhood Immunization Program in India: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Indian Pediatr ; 2014 Nov; 51(11): 875-879
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-170893
ABSTRACT

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunization program in a field setting in India.

Design:

Serological survey of retrospective cohorts of children, vaccinated or not vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine.

Setting:

Rural field areas of five districts in Andhra Pradesh state, where childhood hepatitis B immunization began in 2003.

Participants:

Children aged 5-11 years who had received HB immunization (n=2674; 1357 boys) or not received such immunization (n=2350; 1236 boys). Main Outcome

Measures:

Serum HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti- HBs (quantitative) using automated enzyme-immunoassays in the year 2010.

Results:

Anti-HBs positivity was higher among immunized than in unimmunized children (53% vs.18%; P<0.001), and anti-HBc positivity was lower (1.1% vs 10.8% P<0.01). HBsAg positivity was low in both the groups (0.15% and 0.17%; P=0.855). Anti- HBs positivity rate declined with increasing age.

Conclusions:

Administration of hepatitis B vaccine as part of Universal immunization program led to anti-HBs in a large proportion of children and a reduction in anti-HBc positivity, a marker of hepatatis B virus infection. These data provide evidence supporting efficacy of hepatitis B immunization program in an Indian field setting, justifying the decision to include it in the universal immunization program.

Full text: Available Index: IMSEAR (South-East Asia) Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study Language: English Journal: Indian Pediatr Year: 2014 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: IMSEAR (South-East Asia) Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study Language: English Journal: Indian Pediatr Year: 2014 Type: Article