Schizophrenia and Its Association with Biological and Environmental Factors: A Community Based Study.
Br J Med Med Res
;
2014 Jan; 4(1): 202-214
Article
in English
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-174871
ABSTRACT
Aims:
The aim of this study was to examine the proportion of probable schizophrenia in Arab population visiting primary health care centers and investigate its associated biologic and environmental factors. StudyDesign:
Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study Primary Health Care (PHC) centres, Supreme Council of Health, Qatar, between January 2009 to December 2010.Subjects:
Of 1491 Arab patients approached, 1148 patients agreed to participate in the study (77%).Methods:
The study was based on a face to face interview with a designed questionnaire including socio-demographic, biologic and environmental factors. A diagnostic screening questionnaire which consisted of 6 questions about the symptoms of schizophrenic disorders was used for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.Results:
Of the studied subjects, 11.7% of them were diagnosed with schizophrenia. A significant association was observed between schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients in terms of age group (p=0.048), BMI (p=0.019), gender (p=0.027), ethnicity (p=0.008), marital status (p=0.001), occupation (p<0.001), household income (p<0.001) and place of residence (p=0.039). Obstetric complications were significantly higher in schizophrenic patients with a higher frequency of pregnancy stress (31.3%; p<0.001) and diabetes (20.1%; p=0.008). Among the obstetric complications, Rhesus incompatibility (OR 2.74; 95% CI (1.16-6.47); P=0.021) and pregnancy stress (OR 2.51; 95% CI (1.60-3.94); P<0.001) were the major predictors for the development of schizophrenia. Delivery complications of asphyxia (17.9%; p=0.003), uterine atony (10.4%; p=0.028) and emergency caesarean section (17.2%; p=0.024) were significantly higher in mothers of the patients. Urban upbringing (OR 1.60; 95% CI (1.02 - 2.50); P<0.037) and social isolation (OR 1.72; 95% CI (1.06-2.74); P<0.027) were the main significant environmental risk factors for schizophrenia.Conclusion:
An increasing schizophrenia risk with obstetric complications was observed in the study sample. Rhesus incompatibility and pregnancy stress were the main predictors for schizophrenia.
Full text:
Available
Index:
IMSEAR (South-East Asia)
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Qualitative research
/
Risk factors
Language:
English
Journal:
Br J Med Med Res
Year:
2014
Type:
Article
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