Exclusive Breast-feeding: Is Motivation the Only Issue.

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of the study was (1) To know the frequency of suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior (SIBB), delayed onset of lactation (DOL) and excess neonatal weight loss (EWL) in mother-infant pairs with a high motivation to breastfeed; (2) to see if SIBB influenced lactational problems represented by a] DOL, b] EWL; (3) in addition, we have tried to assess the risk factors for SIBB and other risk factors for DOL and EWL. Material and methods: A longitudinal hospital-based observational study. Infant breastfeeding behavior was assessed by IBFAT score, DOL was measured by maternal perception of breast fullness and maternal motivation by an initial interview based on breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Results: Frequency of SIBB was 13.3% on Day 0, 6.6% on Day 3 and 2.9% on Day 7. DOL occurred in 11.8% of mothers and excess weight loss in 17.7% of infants. Prolonged labor, medications given during labor, inadequacy of sleep during peripartum and use of supplementary feeds were found to be significantly associated with SIBB. Infants with SIBB on Day 0 were 17 times more likely to have SIBB on Day 3 and they were also four times more likely to have excess weight loss. Failure of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) occurred in 8.1% and showed a significant association with SIBB, but at two weeks all were breastfeeding exclusively. Conclusion: Infant behavior plays an important role in the success of early breastfeeding and if suboptimal, contributes to failure of EBF. Both infant behavior and onset of lactation constitute significant predictors of excessive weight loss and short-term failure of exclusive breastfeeding and help in determining the need for intensive lactation counseling in high-risk cases.