Evaluation of Osteoporosis by Bone Mineral Density in Men: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Centre

ABSTRACT

Background: Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density and that leads to an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is highly prevalent, with an estimated 30 million women diagnosed to have osteoporosis. A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures how much calcium and other types of minerals are present in a section of bone. The absolute amount of bone as measured by bone mineral density (BMD) testing generally correlates with bone strength and its ability to bear weight. Materials & Methods: Retrospective study was done in 320 male patients, department of Orthopedics at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India during the 6-month study. The BMD estimation of these patients was done by quantitative ultrasonography of the calcaneal bone and the analysis done on the basis of T–scores.  Results: 320 patients were included in the study from department of Orthopedics, at Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India. Patients were in the age group of 20-75 yrs. Among these 20.62% (n=66) were between 20-35yrs, 50.62% (n=162) between 36-50yrs and 24.37%(n=78) between 51-65 yrs. Commonest presenting symptom in the study population was Backache which was 61.87% (n=198). 32.81% (105) presented with generalized bone pain and 11.87% (38) patients had a history of fracture after trivial trauma. Of the 320 patients included in the study, 48.43% (n=155) were osteoporotic, 30.62% (n=98) were osteopenia and severe osteoporosis 11.25%. Majority of the osteoporotic patients fell in the age group of 36-50 yrs. Conclusion: Our study shows that the osteoporosis and osteopenia is more common in males in the age group of 36-50 yrs. Early detection and prompt treatment is required to prevent pathological fractures. Quantitative ultrasonography is a standout amongst the best apparatuses for early recognition of osteopenia and osteoporosis as this is practical, needs radiation introduction and yields great outcomes, tantamount to other indicative devices like DEXA check.