Epidemiological determinants and clinical parameters of acute myocardial infarction in young adults

ABSTRACT

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) mostly occurs in persons older than 45 years of age and its major issue if it occurs in young individuals and is a burden to the society. Aim: To study the unique risk factors, clinical symptoms, epidemiological profile, angiographic features which helps in prognosis and prevention of acute myocardial infarction occurring in young adults. Materials and methods: 50 young patients of age < 40 years with acute myocardial infarction was admitted in the ICCU of Sheth L.G. Hospital, Maninagar, Ahmedabad from October 2018 to March 2019 were included in study. Necessary investigations were done within 24 hours of admission and CAG was done after hospital discharge within 6 weeks. All patients of age group 25-40 years and patients 1st time presented with CAD were included. Patients of age more than 40 years and patients with known structural or valvular heart disease or any form of cardiomyopathies were excluded. Results: Out of 50 patients, 44 were males and 6 were females. Mean age was 37 years. 26 adults (52%) had STEMI and 24 adults (48%) had NSTEMI. Inferior wall MI was present in 14 patients (28%), Anterior wall MI was present in 12 patients (24%), Lateral wall MI was present in 7 patients (14%), Anterolateral wall MI was present in 14 patients (28%) and Inferolateral wall MI was present 3 patients (6%). 40 were smokers (80%) and 10 were tobacco chewer (20%). 29 adults (58%) had hypertension and diabetes, 17 adults (34%) had hypertension, 4(8%) had diabetes. Family history of CAD was present in 27 patients (54%). Dyslipidemias was present in 21 patients (42%). Smoking was the most common and major risk factors followed by HTN, DM and Dyslipidemia.