The Passage Effect on the Senescence Profile of Cryopreserved Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

ABSTRACT

Background: Although bone marrow serves as the ‘gold standard’ MSC source, adipose tissue has become a promising alternative source. Passage and cryopreservation are two effective methods to multiply, pool, and store MSC without altering its function Aims: To investigate the passage effects on the senescence profile of cryopreserved bone marrow and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Study Design: Analytical observational study. Place and Duration of Study Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, during the period of April to September 2016. Methodology: We analyzed the viability, cell size, population doubling time (PDT), percentage of senescent cells, and colony forming unit. Samples were bone marrow and adipose MSCs at passage one, which was cryopreserved for the first and second time. Numerical data were analyzed using the Student’s T test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: Both in once and twice cryopreservation group, PDT and senescent cell percentage of bone marrow and adipose tissue MSCs differed significantly, where the PDT senescent cell percentage values of bone marrow MSCs were higher in all passages compared to adipose tissue. Regarding 30% confluence cell size and viability, significant differences between once and twice cryopreservation group varied and did not show any trend. The cell size and viability were less 2500 µm2, and more than 85%, respectively. Therefore, the difference in cell size at 30% confluence and viability might be regarded as normal variations. Conclusion: Cryopreserved adipose-derived MSCs showed better results compared to cryopreserved bone marrow-derived MSCs in terms of population doubling time (PDT) and senescence.