Assessment of Prevalence Pattern of Orofacial Clefting and Etiological Risk Factors in Children with Cleft Lip and/ or Palate

ABSTRACT

Background: Aim: To assess prevalence pattern of cleft lip and palate and to assess the etiological risk factors like history of consanguinity, familial tendency and socio – economic status in children with cleft lip and/or palate. Methods:Case records (N=821) of patients with cleft lip and palate were accessed to collect the data. The following information was collected Age, Gender, Education, Occupation and Income of the parent, History of consanguinity, Familial tendency and Chief complaint/s. The SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis to do the chi-square test and significance level adopted was 5% (P < 0.05). Results: Orofacial clefting was more common in males and laterality of cleft lip occurred more on the left side. The familial tendency was present only in 3% cases. The history of consanguinity was present in 35.7% cases. The socio – economic deprivation was prominent in cleft cases and values depicted statistical significance. Conclusion: Higher risk of orofacial clefting was seen in consanguineous relations and in families with socio – economic deprivation