Prevalence of Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and Methicillin Resistance among Staphylococcus Species from Various Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus species is an important cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections worldwide. Clindamycin is an alternative agents used to treat erythromycin resistant Staphylococcal infections. Clinical failure also reported due to various mechanisms of resistance to MLSB antibiotics. Accurate identification of clindamycin resistance is important to prevent therapeutic failure. Unfortunately, inducible Clindamycin resistance is not detected by standard susceptibility tests. Aims: The aim of the present study was to detect the prevalence of inducible clindamycin and methicillin resistance among clinical isolates of Staphylococcal species via antibiotic sensitivity test form various clinical samples. Methods: Total 153 Staphylococcal isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by as per guidelines. For detection of MRSA cefoxitin disc and for inducible clindamycin resistance, D test was performed. Results: Out of 153 samples, 119 were Staphylococcus aureus and 34 were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS). Out of which 62.18 % were MRSA and 37.81 % were MSSA. Inducible MLSB phenotype was detected in 31.09 %, MS phenotype and constitutive MLSB phenotype in 42.85 % and 10.08 %. Conclusion: So it can be concluded from our study that D-test should be routinely performed in microbiology laboratory for every Staphylococcal isolates otherwise clindamycin resistance may misinterpreted as clindamycin sensitive resulting in therapeutic failure.