Evaluation of Surface Characteristic Changes of Reciproc, waveOne and WaveOne Gold Single Reciprocating Files Using Scanning Electron Microscopy before and after use: An in-vitro Study

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate surface characteristics of Reciproc (R25) WaveOne (WO) &WaveOne Gold (WOG) files using SEM before and after use. Methods: fifteen primary files from each system were scanned for surface defects before instrumentation at 10x-1000x. Each file was planned to be used to instrument six root canals and then examined under SEM after preparing three and six canals at same magnifications. Data were scored and statistically analysed using CHI –SQ and Anova tests (p≤ 0.05). Results: Surface defects were detected in all study groups with higher values in WO & WOG group before use. Surface defects significantly increased in both WO and WOG groups after use as compared to R25. WO & WOG group showed significantly greater defects including metal strips, pitting, craters, micro-cracks and blunt edges (p≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Wave One Gold file has a different metallurgy due to its gold finish that does not enhance its resistance to surface defects during clinical use. Wave One and Wave One Gold showed significant increase in surface defects after six canal use which limits their usage in more than one teeth in single patient.