Determination of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

ABSTRACT

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity. The present study was conducted to assess the cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Coronary artery disease. Methods: The present study was conducted on 84 patients less than 40 years old of both genders. All patients were subjected to ECG. Patients presenting with serial ECG – ST segment elevation in more than 2 contiguous leads, ST segment depression > 1 mm in 2 contiguous leads and/or T-wave inversion during chest pain, episodes or any bundle branch block (new onset LBBB or RBBB) or AV block were selected. Serum biochemistry such as serum electrolytes such as serum Na+, serum K+, lipid profile and renal function tests were performed. Results: ST elevation MI was seen in 22 males and 20 females, non ST elevation MI in 14 males and 13 females and unstable angina in 6 males and 9 females. Common risk factors in CAD were smoking seen in 38, obesity in 14, sedentary lifestyle in 26, hypertension in 26, positive family history of premature IHD in 14, dyslipidemia in 45 and diabetes in 12. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Acute coronary syndromes are a major cause of concern in the present-day world particularly when it happens in a younger age group population. There is association of conventional CV risk factors, such as, dyslipidemia, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle and smoking with coronary artery disease.