Study of Incidence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients of Peptic Ulcer Perforation

ABSTRACT

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common disorder that affects millions of individuals each year. PUD has a major impact on our health-care system by accounting for roughly 10% of medical costs for gastrointestinal diseases. Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the predominant causes of PUD overall, PU mortality and hospitalization rates have declined for the past two decades, but complications such as PU perforation and bleeding remain a substantial health-care problem. Materials and Methods: A prospective 1-year study conducted in 116 cases of peptic perforation admitted in surgical wards of Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Rewa, M.P., during the study period June 2016–May 2017. All patients suspected of peptic perforation were admitted to surgery ward and underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy. Post-operatively, H. pylori serological test to detect IgG antibody was done with patients’ blood serum. Their findings were recorded in a pro forma and master chart. The information obtained was tabulated and analyzed. Results: The incidence of H. pylori infection in our study was found to be 31.03%, i.e., 36 cases of 116 cases. Conclusion: Tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol, inadvertent use of analgesics, and H. pylori infection are the most common predisposing factors for PUD, and patients’ inability to get proper and complete treatment is responsible for peptic perforation. Early hospitalization and urgent surgical intervention can significantly reduce the post operative morbidity and mortality in peptic ulcer perforation patients. Post-operative H. pylori eradication therapy and follow-up endoscopic facilities in patients found positive for H. pylori can reduce recurrence rates and subsequently the burden of this disease