Study on haematological abnormalities in various stages of chronic kidney disease: stage 3-5

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of the major health problems worldwide and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. CKD is diagnosed on the basis of the presence of markers of kidney damage and kidney function. Aim of the study to assess the prevalence of hematological abnormalities in CKD (stage 3-5) and to assess their correlation among various etiologies of CKD (diabetes, chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension.Methods: The study was done in 150 cases diagnosed as CKD in the Department of Nephrology, IMCU, and in the medical ward at Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital. The diagnosis was based on an estimated GFR level <60ml/mt/1.73M2. Total count, differential count, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC count, platelet count, and peripheral smear examination, coagulation profile were done on all the patients and results were compared and correlated with each other.Results: In 150 patients, 90 males and 60 females were included. Among 90 males 43 were in stage 3 CKD, 11 in stage 4, 36 in stage 5. Among 60 females 7 were in stage 3, 39 in stage four, 14 were in stage 5. 63 patients had both hypertension and diabetes, 30 patients had only diabetes. There was a decrease in RBC, Total count platelet value with respect to increase in stages of CKD. There was a prolongation in BT, CT, PT, APTT and INR value in respect to increase in stages of CKD.Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease patients have lower haematological indices and the degree of changes depends on the severity of kidney disease.