Can Platelet Large Cell Ratio and High-sensitivity Creactive Protein be used as Predictive Markers for Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:A large proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from preventable vascular angiopathies. Alteredplatelet structure and functions have been linked with these vascular complications. Hence, this study was undertaken to correlateplatelet indices and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels with glycemic control and vascular complications to assesswhether they can be used as predictive factors.Materials and Methods: A total of 56 non-diabetics (control) and 145 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Criteria of fastingblood glucose ?126 mg/dL/postprandial plasma glucose (2 h) levels >200 mg/dL/HbA1c ?6.5 were considered. The diabetic groupwas further subdivided into diabetics without (82) and with complication (63) on the basis of clinical presentation, investigation, andexamination. Platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], and platelet large cell ratio [P-LCR])were assessed on complete blood count analyzer. hs-CRP was done qualitatively and those samples which tested positive were assessedquantitatively.Observation All the three platelet indices assessed - MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher in diabetics compared to nondiabetic group and increased with increasing HbA1c level. However, only P-LCR showed a significant difference between diabetics withand without complications (P = 0.002) and MPV showed a significant difference among all the subgroups when correlated with HbA1c(P ? 0.04). For hs-CRP, the difference in the values was significant among the diabetics with and without complications (P = 0.01).Conclusion: A continuous increase in the value of MPV, PDW, and P-LCR with decreasing glycemic control proves that in diabeticsongoing inflammation causes persistent generation of larger platelets with enhanced activity. P-LCR should be the indice of choice forpredicting the possibility of future complication as in our study, it was the only parameter which showed significant difference betweendiabetics with and without complications