Microbiological Screening Of Otorrhoea From People Coming To Hospital In Mahajanga

ABSTRACT

Background: Otorrhoea commonly hits young people. Ciprofloxacin and rifampicin are the two ear drop antibiotics commonly used for the probabilistic treatmentof otitis in Madagascar. This study aimedto determine the potentially dangerous bacteria involved in otitis and to identify their resistance to fluoroquinolone or rifampicin. Method: A pro-spective study was conducted with the collaboration ofthe Ear Nose and Throat unit (ENT) at the laboratory of UHC PZaGa in Mahajanga. In whole, 56 patients were included. Samplings of otorrhoeawere performed by aspirating the auditory canal using 2ml sterile syringeand then were headed to thelaboratory in less than 30 minutes for analysis. Results:Amidst identified microorganisms were fungus (4,7%) and bacteria (95,3%) to which Gram-negative bacilli represented72.1% (n=44), Gram-positive cocci 6.4% (n=10), Gram-positive bacilli 8.2% (n=5) and Gram-negative cocci 3.3% (n=2). Amongthese bacterias, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus sp were predominant, with respec-tively 41% (n=25), 23% (n=14). However,three casesof S. aureusreported six with negative coagulaseStaphylococ-cus, one with Escherichia coli, one with Klebsiella sp, one with Haemophilus sp, two cases with Neisseria sp and four cases with Corynebacterium sp. Two types of cultures were noticed, one of them monomorphic (91.1%, n=51) and the other polymorphic (8.9%, n=5) to which three associations of P. aeruginosa-Proteus sp, 1 association of P. aerugino-sa-coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and one association of P. aeruginosa-E. coli. No resistance to ciprofloxacin was observed with Pseudomonas, Neisseria sp, Haemophilus, and enterobacteria except for E. coli. No resistance to rifampicin was observed with S. aureus. However, the sensitivity of S. aureus to ciprofloxacin decreased(one bacte-rium out of three). Conclusion:The use of rifampicin or fluoroquinolones should be based on the type of ear infec-tions. Rifampicin is suggested only if S. aureuswas responsible for otitis. Ciprofloxacin use is still yet sensible to Gram-negative bacilli.