Comparison of Immuno-chromatography Test with ELISA for Acute Dengue Diagnosis at Tertiary Care Centre

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the recent few decades, there had beena dramatic rise in the global incidence of dengue. As thedisease is associated with high mortality and morbidity, arapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for early appropriatemanagement and for prevention of complications. Now days,a variety of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) kits and EnzymeLinked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) based test kits areavailable. In this present study we have attempted to doa diagnostic test evaluation of rapid ICT with ELISA fordetection of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody for acute denguediagnosis.Material and Methods: A Cross-Sectional study was carriedout in the Department of Microbiology, Govt. MedicalCollege, Raigarh from November 2017 to October 2018. 1200suspected serum samples were tested for dengue identificationby Immuno-chromatography (ICT) based RDT kit (J. Mitraand Co. Pvt.Ltd, India) which detects NS1 antigen, IgM andIgG antibodies. From the Dengue rapid reactive samples testdone by ICTs were subjected to ELISA tests for ConfirmationNS1 antigen and IgM antibodies.Results: The Rapid Dengue Test showed a sensitivity andspecificity of 98% and 74% for NS1 antigen detection and76% and 90% for IgM Antibody detection.Conclusion: Good sensitivity and specificity of rapiddiagnostic tests for early detection of dengue was observed.These kits are suitable for early detection of dengue cases,as with high sensitivity and specificity it can help in earlyscreening of patients and can further limit the spread ofdisease where ELISA facilities are not available