Correlation of Cytomorphology with Flowcytometric Immunophenotyping of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT

Introduction: WHO classification utilizes morphology,genetic information, immunophenotyping, biologic andclinical features to define specific disease entity. Althoughit gives an accurate detailed diagnosis, immunophenotypingby flow cytometry gives an immediate prompt diagnosis.Morphological diagnosis for leukemias may sometimes be notcorrelating with flow cytometry diagnosis. Study objectiveswere to correlate morphological and flowcytometric results ofpatients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemias.Material and methods: Study was conducted in departmentof pathology. Cases were classified as Acute leukemia basedon CBC, peripheral smear, bone marrow morphology, specialstains cytochemistry and Flow cytometry Immunophenotyping.Categorization was done based FAB system.Results: Total 92 cases of AML were diagnosed oncytomorphology, cytochemistry and Flow cytometry werestudied. Out of which M0 were 6.5%, M1-13%, M2-27.2%,M3-17.4%, M4-15.2% and M5 were 20.6%. There was 88%correlation between cytomorphology and flowcytometry.Conclusion: Interpretation of immunophenotyping byflowcytometry, done in close conjunction with morphology,is mandatory for appropriate diagnosis of acute myeloidleukemia. However morphology combined with cytochemistryis also very helpful in the diagnosis of AML if facility offlowcytometry is not available