Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacterial Isolates Obtained From Various Clinical Samples of Indoor Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a cause of globalconcern as resistance is emerging enormously in hospitaland community settings. The occurrence of resistance tocephalosporins due to production of Extended SpectrumBeta- Lactamases is known worldwide. Hence, this studywas undertaken to detect the prevalence and antimicrobialresistance pattern of ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteriaisolated from various clinical samples received from theindoor patients of a tertiary care hospital.Material and Methods: Clinical specimens received fromthe patients admitted in Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsarfrom January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018 were included inthe study. The samples were processed based on standardmicrobiological techniques. ESBL screening and confirmationwere done based upon CLSI guidelines. Antimicrobialresistance pattern of ESBL producing gram negative bacteriawas determined.Result:- A total of 8147 samples were received out of which1061(13.02%) gram negative bacteria were isolated. 227(21.97%) of the gram negative isolates were positive onscreening and 107 (10.08%) were confirmed to be ESBLproducers phenotypically. Maximum antimicrobial resistancewas observed to ciprofloxacin and amikacin. All the isolateswere sensitive to sulbactam ceftriaxone and imipenem.Conclusion: The present study highlights the prevalenceof ESBL-producing gram negative bacterial isolates in atertiary care hospital in Amritsar, Punjab. Measures such asthe establishment of antimicrobial stewardship activities,monitoring surveillance and infection control programmes,emphasizing on effective hand hygiene practices together withcoherent antibiotic policies should be enforced in the hospitalsto arrest the spread of ESBLs