Spectrum of Cervical Lesions and Cytohistological Correlation: A Study in Tertiary Care Center

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is a global health problem and clinical cytopathology brings about detection and diagnosis of disease at stages earlier than possible before which can be further confirmed by histopathology technique. The objective of the present study was to evaluate accuracy of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of cervical lesions including both neoplastic and non neoplastic. Material and Methods: The study comprised of 100 patients with abnormal Pap smear cytology. A detailed clinical history, general physical and systemic examination was conducted and cervical biopsies as well as pap smears received from department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were processed and stained. Results: A total of seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma were reported majority of which were seen in the advanced age group of greater than 50. In present study 61% cases were reported as NILM, 01% as ASCUS, 06% AGUS. LSIL was diagnosed on cytology in 20% patients, whereas 04% patients had HSIL and 07% patients revealed SCC, and remaining 01 patient (01%) with adenocarcinoma were diagnosed on cytological evaluation. The histopathological findings in 100 cases confirmed 72% cases of chronic cervicitis, 15% as CIN-1, 03% of CIN-2, 01% CIN-3, 01% adenocarcinoma and 08%were diagnosed as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Cytohistological correlation of 100 cases revealed an overall sensitivity of 95.60% and a specificity of 77.78%. Conclusion: Pap smear test was found to be equally sensitive to histopathological examination for the early detection of different cervical lesions