Trends of Antifungal Drug Susceptibility Profile in Candida and Aspergillus Isolates in Respiratory Samples Obtained from Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Patients in Aligarh District in Northern India

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Incidence of invasive fungal infections is now rising. An estimated 4.7 million HIV-1–infected persons are living in Asia. The aim of the study was to know the anti fungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp.in northen India region. Material and methods: In this study we took 150 patients attending outpatient department and admitted in the wards of T.B. and Respiratory Diseases, along with those attending antiretroviral treatment clinic and ICTC (Department of Microbiology), in J. N. Medical College, AMU. Results: Amongst Candida isolates, resistance to fluconazole was seen in 6.9% isolates of C. albicans. 50% of C. dubliniensis and 20% of C.glabrata were resistant to fluconazole. Also, resistance to ketoconazole was observed in 25% isolates of C. dubliniensis. Only 1 isolate was resistant to AMB which was of C.glabrata (20%) and no isolate was resistant to Caspofungin. Resistance to Amphotericin B was seen in 11.8% of A. fumigatus, 10% of A. flavus and 33.3% of A. niger. Resistance to Itraconazole was found in 11.8% of A. fumigatus, 20% of A. flavus and 33.3% of A. niger. Resistance to Ketoconazole was seen in 11.1% of A. fumigatus, 14.2% of A. flavus and 100% of A. niger. No resistance was seen against Caspofungin against any species of Aspergillus. Conclusion: There is gradual increase in the antifungal resistance among higher drugs reported from other regions, is a major concern for today.