A Retrospective Study of Perinatal outcome in ART and Spontaneous Pregnancies

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In today’s world, infertility is one of themajor emerging health issues which effects about 8-9% ofreproductive age group. Infertility due to certain male factorsand complete tubal obstruction may require interventionalprocedure. Increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes areassociated with ART. Study objctive was to asses perinataloutcome in pregnant women conceived with inventionaltechniques.Material and Methods: A Retrospective study was done attertiary care hospital from January 2018 to June 2018. anddata was collected. The maternal and fetal condition werenoted as per records.Results: Women > 40 years of age had 11.53% of intrauterinedeath, 65.38% requires NICU admission, 11.53% requiresventilator support and 7.69% had neonatal death.Study alsorevealed foetal complications like intra uterine death (pvalue=0.0004), fetal anomalies, IUGR (P value=0.0003)which were atleast four times more in ART group than inspontaneous conception.Study also revealed that out of 167new born in ART group,there were 28.74% having verylow birth weight,19.76% were having low birth weight and51.50% had adequate weight, i.e around half of them werehaving weight less than 2 kgs as compared to spontaneouspregnancy group were only 5.71% i.e 6 babies were born lessthan 2 kg weight(P value < .0001 highly significant).Conclusion: Maternal age was significantly associatedwith perinatal and obstetrical complications. To improvematernal and perinatal outcomes, pre-existing diseases likehypertension, anaemia, diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidismshould be treated before conception. Overall aim should beto minimize iatrogenic preterm birth for minor ailments,close supervision of such women can add few more weeks topregnancy thus improving neonatal outcome.