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Integral Bio Testing for the Risk Assessment of Crop Production in a Region of Russia with an Uncertain Ecological Well-being
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-203740
ABSTRACT
The integral biological testing of soil samples of four districts of the Tula region was performed. The Tula regionwas selected for the study because it was subjected to radioactive contamination in 1986 but at present, it isconsidered to be fairly safe for that matter. The districts were selected according to both the presence of industrialpollution and relative ecological safety. The use/non-use of land for crop production was also taken into account(eight sites in total, samples № 1-8). Three different bioassays were used microorganisms Salmonellatyphimurium, cell culture of mammalian Cricetulus griseus, and invertebrates Ceriodaphnia affinis. A relativelyhigh direct mutagenic activity was detected at the sites of the Efremovsky and Shchekino districts (№ 1 and № 3respectively), where the mutagenic index was 3.3 and 3.9 respectively. Substances contained in the № 2 and № 4soil extract samples turned out to be pro-mutagens, i.e. induced mutations upon using metabolic activation. Thesoil samples, such as № 1 and № 3 also showed genotoxicity in Cricetulus griseus cells with the increase of thefrequency of chromosomal and chromatid-type aberrations by several times, compared with control. In theexperiments on Ceriodaphnia affinis, toxicity was detected in the № 1, № 3, № 5 and № 7 samples, in which thedeath rate of the crustaceans was 35-45 %, whereas, in the remaining samples, the decrease in the survival rateof the crustaceans did not exceed 15 %. Therefore, the integral bio testing enables detection not only in thepresence of ecotoxicants but also it can indicate their origin - industrial or agricultural.

Full text: Available Index: IMSEAR (South-East Asia) Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Year: 2020 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: IMSEAR (South-East Asia) Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Year: 2020 Type: Article