Study of Bone Mineral Density, Vitamin-D and Body Mass Index in Asthmatic ACOS and COPD Cases: Those who are on Prolonged (more than 3 Years) use of Inhaled Corticosteroids

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids are the prime choice of treatment for Asthma, ACOS, and COPD cases, but using inhaled corticosteroids with the influencing factors for a longer duration may cause cachexia, skeletal muscle abnormalities, and metabolic syndromes. Objectives: To determine whether the use of inhaled corticosteroids has a harmful effect on bone, in case of Asthma, ACOS, and COPD. To assess the correlation between low bone mineral density with low vitamin D levels and low body mass index. To assess the fracture risk with the effect of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma, ACOS and COPD cases. Methods: A total of 260 subjects (123 males and 137 females) aged ≥ 25 years attended the routine check-up for NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam. The pulmonology department was grouped into 4. Data was collected and filed by using data collection sheet, measured bone mineral density with the ultra-sonogram machine, did investigative procedures to know the blood calcium and vitamin-D levels. Results: Our study revealed that all quantitative and qualitative parameters were measured and analyzed with the SPSS software version 18, (vitamin-D, bone mineral density, body mass index, allergies, family, smoking histories and others) obtained a statistically significant p-value. Conclusion: Effect of disease and inhaled corticosteroids use respiratory diseases for a longer duration or in high doses resulting in decreased bone mineral density along with the decreased body mass index.