Study on awareness regarding hazards of organophosphorus poisoning among agricultural workers who are at risk of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh

ABSTRACT

Background: Agricultural workers are at high risk of exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OPs). Farmers are using OPs frequently without having any safe handling practices. Improving their knowledge and perception regarding organophosphate poisoning can give rise to a drastic reduction in morbidity and mortality due to OP poisoning. Objectives: The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the awareness about hazards of organophosphorus poisoning, (ii) to educate about the protective measures while handling pesticides, and (iii) to educate about first aid measures after accidental exposure to pesticides. Materials and Methods: A community-based longitudinal study was carried out from September 1, 2015, to January 31, 2016, among agricultural workers using pesticides in their farm of seven villages of Kurnool District. All study subjects were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Health education was given in two sessions with a gap of 2 weeks using audiovisual aids, posters, and flip charts. Each session lasted for 3 h in each village. Post-test was conducted 1 week after the last session. Results: A total of 230 subjects were using pesticides in their farm. Their knowledge levels regarding route of entry through contact 0%, inhalation 20 (8.69%) and ingestion 74 (32.17%) respectively in baseline study; which significantly improved to 82 (35.65%), 132 (57.39%) and 230 (100%) respectively in Post-test. Before educational intervention 52% were aware about usage of personal protective equipment during application of pesticides which was significantly improved to 100% in post-test. In pre and Post-test the habit of storage of partially used and un used pesticide tins in households were 28% & 0% respectively. Awareness about the proper disposal of empty tins was (0) less in baseline study which increased significantly to (76%) after educational intervention. Conclusions: Overall awareness of agricultural workers regarding usage and toxicity of OPs was inadequate, which was significantly improved after health education. Frequent educational sessions are needed to improve their awareness regarding safe handling procedures.