Impact of levonorgestrel intrauterine system on metabolic parameters

Background: Hormonal contraceptive is suggested to affect parameters like body mass index, body weight, blood pressure (BP), blood sugar, lipid protein, and liver function test (LFT) but effect of LNG-IUS on those parameters is still uncertain. The aim of the present study was to study the effects of LNG-IUS on the metabolic parameters.Methods: Sixty women who opted for LNG-IUS for various indications were included in the study. Lipid profile, liver function tests (LFT), glucose levels [fasting and post prandial (PP)], and hemoglobin (Hb) were tested. Bimanual genital examination and transvaginal-ultrasonography was done prior to LNG-IUS insertion. Any problems observed were recorded. The subjects were re-evaluated after 6 and 9 months on their subsequent visits. Data were analyzed using paired “t” test. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the patients was 35.5±6.79 years. Maximum number 50 (83.3%) had abnormal uterine bleeding (ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, not yet classified) [AUB (OEIN)]. Mean pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score of patients was 164.7±56.72 and mean Hb level 11.15±1.75g/dL. LNG-IUS showed no significant adverse effects on anthropometric parameters at 6- and 9-month follow-up. Significant change was seen in total cholesterol (TC), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) values at follow-up (p<0.0001).Conclusions: In conclusion, amongst Asian population, the LNG-IUS does not have any adverse effects on metabolic parameters, TGs, LDL and blood sugar levels.