Study of anemia in hypothyroid pregnant patients

ABSTRACT

Background: Hypothyroidism and anemia in pregnancy causes significantly high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia, grade and type of anemia in hypothyroid pregnant patients.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology, CSSH, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh over a period of 2 years from August 2017 to August 2019. Patients who attended the OPD during the study period were included in the study according the inclusion criteria and were studied for the clinical profile, obstetric history and detailed examination. Investigations were done including hemoglobin, blood grouping, urine routine, HbsAg, Anti-HCV, HIV, RBS and serum TSH. The women with raised serum TSH, indicating hypothyroidism, test for free T3, free T4 and anti-TPO was done, and the hypothyroid females with anemia were further investigated with GBP for the type of anemia, data evaluated with adequate statistical analysis.Results: A total 223 patients, enrolled in the study, prevalence of anemia in hypothyroid patients was 69.95%. Most patients with overt hypothyroidism had mild anemia 26 (68.4%), while in sub-clinical hypothyroid patients’ group most of the patients had moderate anemia. In the overt hypothyroid and subclinical hypothyroid group dimorphic anemia was the most prevalent form of anemia with 52.6% and 74.6% respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of anemia in hypothyroid pregnant patients is 69.95%. Dimorphic anemia is most prevalent; hence it is important to study anemia in antenatal patients with hypothyroidism and appropriate strategies should be used to prevent and treat anemia.