A prospective clinical study of foetomaternal outcome in relation to oligohydramnios in pregnancies beyond 36 weeks of gestation

ABSTRACT

Background: Amniotic fluid is contributed by both mother and foetus. It plays a vital role in foetal growth. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the foetomaternal outcome in pregnant females with oligohydramnios beyond 36 weeks of gestation.Methods: This study was conducted on 230 pregnant females beyond 36 weeks of gestation with decreased liquor clinically and confirmed sonographically. It was conducted from May 2018 to May 2019. Females with leaking per vaginum, patients who did not give consent and with intrauterine foetal death were excluded. Complete labour record was made. Assessment of maternal outcome was done in terms of mode of delivery and foetal outcome was done in terms of birth weight, Apgar score at one and five-minute, respiratory distress, meconium aspiration, seizures in first 24 hours of life, congenital malformations, neonatal intensive care unit admission and death of baby.Results: A total of 230 pregnant females met the inclusion criteria who were having AFI <5. 121 (53%) females were primigravida and 119 (52%) underwent for caesarean section. Most common indication of LSCS was foetal distress. Apgar score at 1 minute was <7 in 97 (42%) babies and after 5 minutes, it was <7 in 93 (40%) babies. Other neonatal outcome results were IUGR in 59 (26%) babies, meconium aspiration syndrome in 52 (23%) babies, respiratory distress in 92 (40%) babies, congenital malformation in 6 (3%) babies, NICU admission of 93 (40%) babies and neonatal death of 11 (5%) babies.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios increases the chances of maternal morbidity and perinatal morbidity and mortality.