Incidence of Tympanosclerosis in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT

introduction: Tympanosclerosis is an anatomoclinical entity which causes thickening and fusion of collagenous fibers intoa homogenous mass with final deposition of scattered intracellular and extracellular calcium and phosphate crystals in thesubepithelial tissue of tympanic membrane and middle ear structure.Aim: This study aims to study the incidence of tympanosclerosis in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) patients.Materials and Methods: Patients with CSOM admitted for surgery were subjected to detailed ENT examination and investigationwhich included otoscopy, tuning fork tests with 256, 512, and 1024 Hz, free-field hearing, pure tone audiometry, X-ray mastoids,and computed tomography (CT) temporal bone. CT temporal bone can be used to determine the extent of disease in the middleear and ossicles fixation.Results: In 62 patients with CSOM, the incidence of tympanosclerosis was found to be 17.7% (11 cases). In patients withtympanosclerosis, the lesions were confined to tympanic membrane alone in 72% (8 cases) while the involvement of bothtympanic membrane and middle ear was found in 18% (2 cases). In tympanosclerosis, 9% (1 case) had an AB gap of <20 dB,63.6% (7 cases).Conclusion: Tympanosclerosis is long-term sequelae of CSOM. The hearing loss associated with tympanosclerosis was ofthe conductive type in the majority of cases.