Correlation between brain neurotransmitters and insulin sensitivity: Neuro-preservative role of resveratrol against high fat, high fructose-induced insulin resistance

ABSTRACT

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major public health problem that can lead to many dangerous medical disorders and earlymortality. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of resveratrol (RSV) to counteract the neuro-complicationsaccompanying high fat, high fructose (HFHF) diet experimentally induced-IR in rats. IR was induced by the ingestion ofHFHF diet for 70 days, 80 juvenile rats were used, and the treatments were given orally for the diet latest 10 days. Rats’general behavior was assessed by open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST). On biochemical level; neurocomplications were assessed by measuring brain levels of monoamines and their metabolites as well as the levels of8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHDG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced and oxidizedglutathione (GSH and GSSG) and nitric oxide (NOx). Oral RSV (20 and 40 mg/kg p.o) increased the activity ofthe rats in the OFT and decreased the immobility period in the FST in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, RSVreduced monoamines turnover, elevated GSH, and reduced GSSG, NOx, MDA, 8-OHDG, and TNF-α (p < 0.05).RSV exhibited neuro-protective activities against HFHF-induced IR, thus it can be recommended as a favorable dailydietary supplement for treating the neuronal side effects related to IR.