Insufficient radiofrequency ablation promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition mediated by interleukin-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/Snail pathway in the H22 cells
J Cancer Res Ther
;
2020 Sep; 16(5): 1112-1118
Article
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-213763
ABSTRACT
Context Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), an established and minimally invasive therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, has become an important treatment strategy. However, tumor aggressiveness remains a common problem. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to play an important role in this process. Design and Aims:
Due to limited sample volumes harvested from patients, we established a heat-treated cell line and a mouse model to investigate the mechanisms of incomplete ablation in EMT. Materials andMethods:
We heat-treated H22 and HepG2 cells using a water bath to determine a suitable temperature for incomplete RFA. Male BALB/c mice were orthotopically transplanted with H22 cells and then subjected to incomplete ablation. Changes in the EMT biomarkers were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. StatisticalAnalysis:
The experimental results are expressed as means ± standard deviations.Results:
Incomplete RFA promoted EMT, downregulated E-cadherin, upregulated vimentin and Snail, and enhanced the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, interleukin (IL)-6 secretion increased after heat treatment in the H22 cells. AG490, an IL-6 inhibitor, inhibited the occurrence of EMT.Conclusions:
Insufficient ablation performed at low temperature successfully induces EMT and promotes tumor aggressiveness, which is mediated by the IL-6/STAT3/Snail pathway in both cell and mouse models.
Full text:
Available
Index:
IMSEAR (South-East Asia)
Journal:
J Cancer Res Ther
Journal subject:
Neoplasms
/
Therapeutics
Year:
2020
Type:
Article
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